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As we all know in electronic communication, if we send the data through parallel lines then we can achieve the high speed. Parallel processing does the same thing in processor.

In a simple way parallel processing means doing more than one task at the same time. This technique came into reality by the invention of dual core processors.

By analogy you can take it as what will happen if you will have to use your one hand only and on the other side when you can use both hands. Obviously you can do more than one task by using two hands in most cases.

New generation microprocessors have the same technology and they have multiple cores processing unit in single processor. These cores help the microprocessor to do multiple task at the same time which means cores enhances the speed of the microprocessor.

In microprocessors parallel processing is also referred as pipe-lining where they can use one core for opcode fetch and the other core fore instruction execution.

Microprocessor can have multiple processors like dual core, quad core, hexa-core, octa-core, deca-core etc.

Tera flop research chip (Polaris) has 80 cores and clocked at 3.16 GHz.

Intel’s new Xeon processors have upto 60 cores. Thanks for reading. Like, share and subscribe us to get the notifications about new tech posts.

We all know that Intel is the world’s largest microprocessor manufacturer. Intel’s every new generation uses more complex technique of manufacturing which makes them better them before.

Every major change in the fabrication process is called a “Generation ”. Here are the names of these generations:

• 1st Generation  – Nov. 2008 – Nehalem (45nm) 
• 2nd Generation – Jan. 2011 – Sandy bridge (32nm)
• 3rd Generation –  Apr. 2012 – Ivy bridge (22nm)
• 4th Generation –  Jun. 2013 – Haswell (22nm)
• 5th Generation –  Jun. 2015 – Broadwell (14nm)
• 6th Generation –  Sep. 2015 – Skylake (14nm)
• 7th Generation –  Jan. 2017 – Kaby lake (10nm)
• 8th Generation –  Oct. 2017 – Coffee lake (14nm improved)

– Cannon lake (10nm improved) expected 2018

– Ice lake (10nm improved) expected 2018/19

– Tiger lake (10nm improved) expected 2019Thank-you for reading. Like, share and comment this post.

In the last post we learnt about the SoCs. So in this post, we will see the increase in the transistor count in SoC in last five years since 2013.
So here is the list of SoCs with their year of launch and number of transistor that they have.

• Apple A7 (Dual core ARM 64)– 2013 – 1 billion transistors
• Apple A8 (Tri core ARM 64)– 2014 – 2 billion transistors
• Qualcomm Snapdragon 835– 2016 – 3 billion transistors
• Apple A10 Fusion (Quad core ARM 64)– 2016 – 3.3 billion transistors
• Apple A11 (Hexa core ARM 64)– 2017 – 4.3 billion transistors
• Xbox OneX– 2017 – 7 billion transistors

So now you can imagine how fast is the technology growing day by day that the no. of transistor on the SoC has increased from 1 billion to 7 billion in less than 5 year time.

An SoC is an acronym for system on chip. Basically they are made in I.C. packages that contain all the components of computer that are necessary. You can think SoC= mobile mobile processor + GPU + other important components. Generally they are used in smart phones and other system like gaming consoles i.e.Xbox etc.

So check which SoC or processor does your mobile has….in the next article we will discuss in the the change in the number of transistor in SoC over a period of 5 years (2013- 2017).

Have you seen a blue colored board that is used to develop embedded system projects or making robots? If yes, I think you already using a Arduino UNO, Raspberry pi or Beagle-bone etc. boards to develop something on your own.

Basically Arduino UNO is a open source development board that is used to make different embedded system and robotics projects at the affordable price. It has Atmel’s ATmega-328 micro-controller (8-bit) which is of 28 pins. It is very light board of weight around 25 grams total.

Arduino UNO has 14 digital pins (out of which 6 can be used a PWM outputs), 6 analog pins (used to generate the analog voltage or take an analog voltage input), a crystal of value 16 MHz. Recommended input voltage is 7-12V. Flash memory 32 KB (used to store uploaded program), SRAM of 2 KB (to store variables values), EEPROM of 1 KB (to store permanent data which can be later on).

Many other boards like Arduino Mega, Nano, Pro-mini etc. is also available. The cost of Arduino UNO copy board in India is around 400₹. Be aware of copy board because Arduino community does not make Arduino UNO for India. For outside USA Arduino make Genuino boards. So please don’t give more than 400-450₹ for Arduino UNO in india.

If you want the original one,then you can buy it from Arduino.cc or element18 website which will cost you around 2500₹ including shipping charges.

At the end I have a suggestion for those who want to buy a new Arduino UNO that please check the website of Arduino where they have mentioned how to find the fake or copy boards.

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