EV limitations

EEV has lots of advantages, but there are the top 5 disadvantages that hinder EV growth

  • Higher cost

Since EVs are expensive, they are out of the buying capacity of many people in countries like India.

The main reason for being expensive is that battery and motor costs are very high in EVs. This problem would be solved with the advancement in battery manufacturing.

  • Limited range

It is one of the main disadvantages of EVs. EVs generally come with a range of about 300-500 km per charge, which is intensified by the fact that it also takes hours to get fully charged again. It will also be solved in the future with more research and development.

  • Charging infrastructure

Charging infrastructures are also not available in India, unlike in other developed countries. This thing requires a high investment, which needs to be solved.

  • Battery life

Battery replacement is approximately 50% of the complete EV cost. So degradation in the reseller value at a very high rate is also a big problem.

  • Bad impact on the environment

The mining of lithium, cobalt, nickel, etc., destroys the natural habitat of many wild species. This mining also affects small kids who are forced to work in these mines as child laborers.

Top 8 best-selling EVs in India in August 2024

Electric vehicles are getting popular in India day by day due to their advantages over IC engine cars.

The government is also giving subsidies to customers who buy EVs to promote green energy.

Here is the list of the top 8 EVs in India in 2024 in descending order

  1. Tata Tiago EV
  2. Tata Nixon EV
  3. MG ZS EV
  4. BMW
  5. Volvo
  6. Mercedes-Benz
  7. Audi
  8. Hyundai Ioniq 5

5 top five sellers of EVs are

  • Tata Motors
  • MG Motors
  • Hyundai electric
  • BYD auto (Build your dreams)
  • BMW India

The cheapest EV in India as of August 2024 is the MG Comet, starting at 6.9 lakhs.

The most expensive EV in India as of August 2025 is the Mercedes-Benz EQS 580, worth rupees 1.95 crores (Ex-showroom)

Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles are getting very popular nowadays for several reasons

  • Zero carbon emission/ clean fuel category
  • Cost-effective if used in long drives
  • Noise-free/vibration-free
  • Effective in flood-affected areas

An electric vehicle, as its name suggests, runs on electric energy that comes from an electric battery. It does not have an internal combustion engine like conventional vehicles.

Electric vehicles have a few main components

  • Electric motor
  • Battery pack
  • Power electronics controller (controls the speed of the electric motor)
  • DC/ DC converter (To convert high voltage to lower voltage for running equipment in the car)
  • Thermal system for cooling
  • Transmission system
  • Protection circuits
  • Different types of sensors

Electric vehicles started developing in the 19th century, but practical vehicles on roads came only after 2010.

Electric vehicles can broadly be classified into 3 categories

Battery electric vehicles: It has a battery pack and an electric motor. The battery pack runs the motor. It is a simple one.

Hybrid electric vehicles: It has both an engine and a motor with a battery pack. It runs on the engine and motor at the same time. The battery of the HEV is charged by the engine.

Plug-in hybrid vehicles: These vehicles have both an engine and a motor. But its battery could be charged from an external charging source.

Tesla is one of the most popular car brands and has the following car models.

  • Tesla Model 3
  • Tesla Model S
  • Tesla Roadster
  • Tesla Model X
  • Tesla Model Y

The above models start from approx. $ 40000 (33.5 lakhs) for Model 3 to approx. $200000 (1.67 crores) for the roadster.

Electric vehicles have different types of sensors as follows

  • Voltage sensors
  • Temperature sensor
  • Current sensor
  • Position sensor
  • Speed sensor
  • Torque sensor
  • Coolant temperature sensor
  • Ambient temperature sensor, Ultrasonic sensor
  • RADAR/ LiDAR sensor
  • Accelerometers
  • Gyroscopes, etc.

Even after this much advancement in recent years in the EV industry, a few limitations exist that are hindering its growth and the replacement of IC engine cars with EVs.

The limitation of EVs is discussed in detail in another blog with a link below.